FRANCHISE·WATCH·DESK

Verified — real FDD extraction

SBA-eligible · directory code S2930 since 2018

CIRCLE K

Other · independent · est. —

Circle K is a global convenience store brand, typically paired with fuel sales. Franchisees operate a convenience store, often with gasoline, handling merchandise, foodservice, and fuel retail for everyday customers.

CIRCLE K net unit count grew +0.1% from 20242026 per its FDD Item 20.

New to franchising? Start here

A franchise is a business where you (the franchisee) pay a company (the franchisor) for the right to open and run a location using their brand and system — think a local Anytime Fitness or Taco John's owned by a small-business owner, not the corporation.

Before you can buy in, U.S. law requires the franchisor to give you a Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD) — a long legal filing covering its fees, finances, and history. The numbers on this page come straight from that document:

  • Franchise fee — the one-time cost to buy in.
  • Royalty — the ongoing cut of your sales you pay the franchisor.
  • Item 20 — how many locations opened and closed, the basis for our verdict (from Proven & strong down to Distressed — or Too new to judge).

The verdict

Proven & steady

Distress

0
STABLE

A real track record with an unremarkable region of the ledger: neither the growth nor the exits stand out, for better or worse. The standout in the record: owner turnover is low.

Exit rate · latest year

10.7%

fiscal 2026, per Item 20

Cost to open

$1.5M–$2.9M

Item 7 total investment range

SBA loan defaults

12.5%

24 loans resolved — directional only

Behind the verdict

the record, factor by factor · Item 20

hi-1.0.0
Net unit growth35%

3-yr trend · Item 20 Table 1

Fair
Exit quality25%

terminations + ceased-ops vs. all exits · Table 3

Fair
Transfer / churn15%

transfers vs. base · Table 3

Strong
Promise-keeping10%

actual vs. projected openings · Table 5

Fair
Transparency15%

Item 19 disclosure + completeness

Weak

Systemwide units

2024–2026

+0.1%
6,06320246,12520256,0712026

Survival record

FDD Item 20 · outlet status by year

In fiscal 2026, 61 of 569 franchised outlets left the system — a 10.7% annualized exit rate. Not every exit is a failure — but this is the measurable floor.

Show the outlet tables
Status (FTC)202420252026
Outlets at start5,9286,0636,125
Opened22187
Transfers263220
Terminations322535
Non-renewals231026
Reacquired by franchisor000
Ceased — other reasons2000
Outlets at end6,0636,1256,071
Net change+135+62-54

The lender's view

SBA 7(a)/504 loan performance · FY1991–present

Banks have made 104 SBA-backed loans to CIRCLE K franchisees since 2017. Only 24 have resolved so far — too thin for a reliable default rate, but 3 of them charged off.

Charge-off rate

24 resolved · too thin to rate

Loss given default

avg. charged-off $ ÷ approved $

Expected loss

default rate × loss severity

Avg. loan · FY2020+

$1,728,779

what recent franchisees borrowed

Median time to default

68 mo

approval → charge-off, defaulted loans

Lenders · FY21+ vs FY16–20

25 vs 20

distinct banks still lending

Charge-off rate by loan approval year (%)

0'180'1933'20

SOURCE: SBA 7(a)/504 FOIA LOAN DATA (DATA.SBA.GOV), FY1991–PRESENT · MATCHED TO CIRCLE K BY FRANCHISE NAME · RESOLVED = CHARGED-OFF + PAID-IN-FULL

The owner's side of the deal

FDD × federal loan record

Who finances it

Open Bank

12.3% of this brand's loans

Who buys it

87.9%

first-time franchise owners

The rest already owned at least one other franchise. Across the corpus, brands bought mostly by repeat operators charge off at roughly 10% versus 17% for brands sold mostly to newcomers.

Does experience help here?

Not enough resolved loans to split

Computed from 104 SBA 7(a)/504 loans to CIRCLE K franchisees joined to the brand's own FDD. Debt service assumes level amortization at the average disclosed term and rate. A lender's rate excludes its loans to this brand, so it reads the lender, not the brand.

What it costs — and what it drags

FDD Items 5–7 · fees, investment, royalty

Buying in means a $25K franchise fee (Item 5) and a total investment of $1.5M–$2.9M (Item 7). The franchisor publishes no earnings claim (Item 19) — ask current and former franchisees for real numbers.

To open (Item 7)

$1.5M–$2.9M

all-in investment range

Franchise fee (Item 5)

$25K

upfront, one-time

Royalty (Item 6)

6%

of sales, ongoing

If a unit does this in annual sales…$1M/yr

Your figure — this brand discloses no Item 19 earnings; validate with current & former owners.

Royalty you'd pay / yr

$60K

6% of sales, before profit

Over a 10-yr term

$600K

royalties alone, excl. ad fund

This is not profit. It's the only money the FDD actually pins down — what you put in, and the royalty you owe on every dollar of sales. Your real take-home depends on labor, rent, food cost, and ramp-to-breakeven, none of which any FDD discloses.

Build a real pro-forma for CIRCLE K with an independent CPA

Labor record

US Dept. of Labor enforcement · franchisee-level · FY2005–present

Federal investigators have concluded 77 wage cases against operators of this system, recovering $156K in back wages for 205 workers, including 1 child-labor case. Some of these cases are recent, not ancient history. These cases name franchisee-owned locations, not the franchisor itself.

Concluded cases

77

Back wages owed

$156K

Employees affected

205

Since 2020

7

1 of these cases involved child-labor violations, covering 1 minors across the system's franchised locations.

Read this carefully. The employers in these cases are individual CIRCLE K franchisees — separately owned businesses operating under the brand name — not CIRCLE K itself. The franchisor is not the respondent and in most cases is not a party. What the record shows is how this system's operators run their payrolls, which is worth knowing before you become one of them. Counts rise with system size and with age: a 20-year-old, 10,000-unit system will out-count a young one regardless of conduct. Source: DOL Wage and Hour Division concluded compliance actions, FY2005–present, most recent finding 2025.

Modeled risk

FDD Risk Score · modeled from the public record

Lower risk

Modeled from the public record, this brand looks safer than 72% of systems we score.

Risk percentile

28 / 100

Loan-corroborated

Modeled SBA charge-off

9.8%

Observed SBA charge-off

12.5%

Top drivers: Investment ceiling (log) (lowers) · System size (log units) (lowers) · Single-lender dependence (raises) · Net unit growth (raises). 15+ resolved loans stand behind this estimate. A linear scorecard built from this brand's own disclosure figures plus the federal loan record behind its franchisees; full spec and cross-validated accuracy on the methodology page. A score is context, not a verdict.

Distress signals

news-sourced · bankruptcies, closures, lawsuits

No recent closures, bankruptcies, or major lawsuits found in the news for CIRCLE K. That's a good sign — but it reflects news coverage, not a guarantee.

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CIRCLE K franchise questions, answered from the filings

What percentage of CIRCLE K franchises closed last year?

In CIRCLE K's latest FDD Item 20 (fiscal 2026), 61 of 569 franchised outlets left the system — an annualized exit rate of 10.7%. That counts terminations, non-renewals, and "ceased operations — other reasons." There is no official failure rate, and not every exit is a failure, but this is the measurable floor.

How much does a CIRCLE K franchise cost?

Per CIRCLE K's 2026 FDD, buying in requires an initial franchise fee of $25K (Item 5) and a total initial investment of $1.5M–$2.9M (Item 7).

What royalty does CIRCLE K charge?

CIRCLE K charges an ongoing royalty of 6.0% of gross sales, per Item 6 of its 2026 FDD.

Does CIRCLE K disclose earnings (Item 19)?

No — CIRCLE K's 2026 FDD makes no financial performance representation in Item 19. That is legal and common, but it means the franchisor publishes no earnings claim; ask current franchisees for real numbers.

Is CIRCLE K a good franchise to buy? Health score, exit rate & costs (2026) · Franchise Watch Desk