Verified — real FDD extraction
Not found in the SBA Franchise Directory under this name — though SBA loans to its franchisees exist; verify eligibility with your lender
SBARRO
Other · independent · est. —
Sbarro is an Italian-American fast-food chain known for large slices of pizza, pasta, and other Italian dishes served cafeteria-style, often in mall food courts. Customers grab quick pizza slices and hot entrees. A franchisee operates a counter location, managing food prep, display, and fast service.
SBARRO net unit count grew +25.2% from 2021–2025 per its FDD Item 20.
New to franchising? Start here
A franchise is a business where you (the franchisee) pay a company (the franchisor) for the right to open and run a location using their brand and system — think a local Anytime Fitness or Taco John's owned by a small-business owner, not the corporation.
Before you can buy in, U.S. law requires the franchisor to give you a Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD) — a long legal filing covering its fees, finances, and history. The numbers on this page come straight from that document:
- Franchise fee — the one-time cost to buy in.
- Royalty — the ongoing cut of your sales you pay the franchisor.
- Item 20 — how many locations opened and closed, the basis for our verdict (from Proven & strong down to Distressed — or Too new to judge).
The verdict
Proven & strong
Distress
Enough units and history to judge, and the record is good: growing or stable units with clean exits by the standards of its disclosed record. The standout in the record: owner turnover is low.
Exit rate · latest year
6.8%
fiscal 2025, per Item 20
Cost to open
$212K–$906K
Item 7 total investment range
SBA loan defaults
36.4%
11 loans resolved — directional only
Behind the verdict
the record, factor by factor · Item 20
3-yr trend · Item 20 Table 1
terminations + ceased-ops vs. all exits · Table 3
transfers vs. base · Table 3
actual vs. projected openings · Table 5
Item 19 disclosure + completeness
Systemwide units
2021–2025
Survival record
FDD Item 20 · outlet status by year
In fiscal 2025, 15 of 220 franchised outlets left the system — a 6.8% annualized exit rate. Not every exit is a failure — but this is the measurable floor.
Show the outlet tables ↓Hide the evidence ↑
| Status (FTC) | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outlets at start | 303 | 309 | 346 | 369 | 371 |
| Opened | 29 | 53 | 35 | 31 | 33 |
| Transfers | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 |
| Terminations | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 |
| Non-renewals | 11 | 12 | 2 | 11 | 6 |
| Reacquired by franchisor | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
| Ceased — other reasons | 0 | 0 | 5 | 17 | 2 |
| Outlets at end | 309 | 346 | 369 | 371 | 387 |
| Net change | +6 | +37 | +23 | +2 | +16 |
The lender's view
SBA 7(a)/504 loan performance · FY1991–present
Banks have made 17 SBA-backed loans to SBARRO franchisees since 1992. Only 11 have resolved so far — too thin for a reliable default rate, but 4 of them charged off.
—
11 resolved · too thin to rate
—
avg. charged-off $ ÷ approved $
—
default rate × loss severity
$707,680
what recent franchisees borrowed
100 mo
approval → charge-off, defaulted loans
2 vs 2
distinct banks still lending
Charge-off rate by loan approval year (%)
SOURCE: SBA 7(a)/504 FOIA LOAN DATA (DATA.SBA.GOV), FY1991–PRESENT · MATCHED TO SBARRO BY FRANCHISE NAME · RESOLVED = CHARGED-OFF + PAID-IN-FULL
What it costs — and what it drags
FDD Items 5–7 · fees, investment, royalty
Buying in means a $30K franchise fee (Item 5) and a total investment of $212K–$906K (Item 7). The franchisor publishes an earnings claim (Item 19) — read its methodology closely.
To open (Item 7)
$212K–$906K
all-in investment range
Franchise fee (Item 5)
$30K
upfront, one-time
Royalty (Item 6)
5%
of sales, ongoing
Your figure — cross-check against this brand's Item 19 and current-owner validation.
Royalty you'd pay / yr
$50K
5% of sales, before profit
Over a 10-yr term
$500K
royalties alone, excl. ad fund
This is not profit. It's the only money the FDD actually pins down — what you put in, and the royalty you owe on every dollar of sales. Your real take-home depends on labor, rent, food cost, and ramp-to-breakeven, none of which any FDD discloses.
Build a real pro-forma for SBARRO with an independent CPALabor record
US Dept. of Labor enforcement · franchisee-level · FY2005–present
Federal investigators have concluded 14 wage cases against operators of this system, recovering $6K in back wages for 46 workers, including 8 child-labor cases. Some of these cases are recent, not ancient history. These cases name franchisee-owned locations, not the franchisor itself.
Concluded cases
14
Back wages owed
$6K
Employees affected
46
Since 2020
2
8 of these cases involved child-labor violations, covering 21 minors across the system's franchised locations.
Read this carefully. The employers in these cases are individual SBARRO franchisees — separately owned businesses operating under the brand name — not SBARRO itself. The franchisor is not the respondent and in most cases is not a party. What the record shows is how this system's operators run their payrolls, which is worth knowing before you become one of them. Counts rise with system size and with age: a 20-year-old, 10,000-unit system will out-count a young one regardless of conduct. Source: DOL Wage and Hour Division concluded compliance actions, FY2005–present, most recent finding 2025.
Modeled risk
FDD Risk Score · modeled from the public record
The public record puts this brand toward the middle of the systems we score — but the evidence is thin, so treat it as a range, not a number.
Risk percentile (range)
23–47 / 100
Directional
Modeled SBA charge-off
10.6%
Observed SBA charge-off
36.4%
Top drivers: Investment ceiling (log) (lowers) · System size (log units) (lowers) · Item 3 litigation (log) (raises) · Net unit growth (lowers). Thin loan history — treat this as a range, not a number. A linear scorecard built from this brand's own disclosure figures plus the federal loan record behind its franchisees; full spec and cross-validated accuracy on the methodology page. A score is context, not a verdict.
Distress signals
news-sourced · bankruptcies, closures, lawsuits
End of an era for this pizzeria, as Sbarro will soon close
news:Florida Today · 8mo ago
How a second bankruptcy helped Sbarro find the comeback trail
news:Restaurant Business · 16mo ago
Sbarro Pizza Chain Files for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy ... Again
news:NBC News · 152mo ago
10 questions to ask a SBARRO franchisee
Built from this brand's own disclosures · take it to your validation calls
The franchisor will give you a list of owners to call. Most buyers ask whether they like it. These are the questions built from what SBARRO has actually disclosed — each one carries the number it came from, so you can tell whether the answer squares with the record.
- 01
SBARRO’s own Item 20 shows 15 of 220 franchised outlets left the system in fiscal 2025 — about 6.8%. Do you know any of those owners, and do you know why they left?
A franchisor will call these “transitions.” An owner three doors down usually knows whether they sold at a profit or handed the keys back.
FDD Item 20 · FY2025
- 02
7 units transferred to new owners in fiscal 2025. When you look at those, were they people cashing out a good business — or getting out of a bad one?
Transfers count as neutral in every ranking. They are the single easiest place to hide distress.
FDD Item 20 · FY2025
- 03
Item 7 says the low end to open is $212K, but the average recent SBA loan to a SBARRO franchisee was $708K. What did you actually spend to open, all in?
Lenders size loans to real project costs. A large gap between the disclosed floor and what banks actually fund is the most common way buyers get underfunded.
FDD Item 7 vs SBA approvals FY2020+
- 04
You pay 5.0% royalty on gross sales, plus the ad fund, before any of your own costs. On your actual revenue last year, what did you take home as the owner — not revenue, take-home?
Royalty is charged on sales, not profit. This is the number the brochure never shows and the one your life actually runs on.
FDD Item 6
- 05
SBARRO makes an earnings claim in Item 19. Does your unit look like that number — and do you know which units they included to build it?
Item 19 is legal to build from a flattering subset. Ask whether they excluded new units, closed units, or company stores.
FDD Item 19 · 2026
- 06
How many months did it take to cover your own costs, and how much cash did you burn getting there?
Ramp-to-breakeven working capital is the most underestimated line in any franchise purchase, and the most common reason otherwise-good units fail.
Not disclosed in any FDD — ask an owner
- 07
Item 3 discloses 1 legal matter. Do you know what those were about, and were any brought by franchisees?
Franchisee-brought suits over territory, fees or support tell you how the franchisor behaves when there's a disagreement.
FDD Item 3 · 2026
- 08
What does the franchisor charge for that you didn't expect — required tech fees, mandatory remodels, approved-supplier pricing?
Required spending appears across Items 6, 8 and 11 rather than in one place, so buyers routinely miss the total.
FDD Items 6, 8, 11
- 09
If your agreement came up for renewal tomorrow at current terms, would you sign again?
The single most predictive question you can ask. A hesitation is the answer.
Ask every owner you speak to
- 10
Who else should I call — including someone who left?
The franchisor's list is curated by definition. Former franchisees are where the unflattering truth lives, and current owners usually know how to reach them.
Ask every owner you speak to
Want this as a checklist you can take to the calls?
I'll email you the printable version, and tell you if SBARRO’s numbers move — a new filing, a rising exit rate, a distress signal. Unsubscribe in one click.
A broker is paid by the franchisor to place you. I'm paid by you — and the job is pressure-testing SBARRO's numbers, including talking you out of a bad deal.
This page is what buyers see before they call you for validation. If the record above is wrong — or right in a way the numbers can't show — say so. Corrections are checked against the filings; nothing you write is published with your name unless you agree to it.
SBARRO franchise questions, answered from the filings
What percentage of SBARRO franchises closed last year?
In SBARRO's latest FDD Item 20 (fiscal 2025), 15 of 220 franchised outlets left the system — an annualized exit rate of 6.8%. That counts terminations, non-renewals, and "ceased operations — other reasons." There is no official failure rate, and not every exit is a failure, but this is the measurable floor.
How much does a SBARRO franchise cost?
Per SBARRO's 2026 FDD, buying in requires an initial franchise fee of $30K (Item 5) and a total initial investment of $212K–$906K (Item 7).
What royalty does SBARRO charge?
SBARRO charges an ongoing royalty of 5.0% of gross sales, per Item 6 of its 2026 FDD.
Does SBARRO disclose earnings (Item 19)?
Yes — SBARRO makes a financial performance representation in Item 19 of its 2026 FDD, reporting a median unit volume of $724K. Read it closely: franchisors choose which units and which metrics to include.